Algorithme ou modèle

{
  "id": "processing",
  "name": [
    {
      "locale": "en",
      "value": "Algorithm or Model"
    },
    {
      "locale": "fr",
      "value": "Algorithme ou modèle"
    }
  ],
  "description": [
    {
      "locale": "en",
      "value": "What processes the input — the algorithm family, model class, or technique used to turn inputs into outputs."
    },
    {
      "locale": "fr",
      "value": "Ce qui traite les entrées — la famille d’algorithmes, la classe de modèle ou la technique utilisée pour transformer les entrées en sorties."
    }
  ],
  "prompt": [
    {
      "locale": "en",
      "value": "What algorithm or model processes the data?"
    },
    {
      "locale": "fr",
      "value": "Quel algorithme ou modèle traite les données ?"
    }
  ],
  "authoring_guidance": [],
  "examples": [],
  "sources": [],
  "required": false,
  "order": 9,
  "datachain_type": "ai",
  "shape": "circle",
  "element_variables": [
    {
      "id": "additional_description",
      "label": [
        {
          "locale": "en",
          "value": "Description"
        },
        {
          "locale": "fr",
          "value": "Description"
        }
      ],
      "required": false,
      "kind": "localized_text"
    }
  ]
}

[
  {
    "id": "affect_emotion_analysis",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Affect & Emotion Analysis"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Analyse de l'affect et des émotions"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that infer emotional state, mood, or sentiment from text, speech, facial expressions, or physiological signals. Used to gauge crowd sentiment, evaluate service experience, or screen for distress. The accuracy and cultural fairness of affect inference is contested, and some jurisdictions restrict its use in workplaces and public services."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui infèrent un état émotionnel, une humeur ou un sentiment à partir de texte, de parole, d'expressions faciales ou de signaux physiologiques. Utilisés pour évaluer le ressenti d'une foule, mesurer l'expérience d'un service ou détecter une détresse. La précision et l'équité culturelle de l'inférence d'affect sont contestées, et certaines juridictions limitent son usage en milieu professionnel et dans les services publics."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "processing_sentiment-analysis",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "anomaly_detection",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Anomaly Detection"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Détection d'anomalies"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that flag unusual events, patterns, or values that depart from a learned baseline of normal behavior. Used for equipment-failure prediction, fraud screening, intrusion detection, water-leak monitoring, and unusual crowd-flow alerts. Outputs are typically thresholded scores rather than direct decisions."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui signalent des événements, motifs ou valeurs inhabituels s'écartant d'une référence apprise du comportement normal. Utilisés pour la prédiction de pannes d'équipement, la détection de fraude, la détection d'intrusion, la surveillance des fuites d'eau et les alertes de flux de foule inhabituels. Les sorties sont en général des scores seuillés plutôt que des décisions directes."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "dm_anomaly-detection",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "biometric_recognition",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Biometric Recognition"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Reconnaissance biométrique"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that identify or verify a specific person from biological signals — face, fingerprint, voice, iris, or gait. Distinct from generic computer vision because the output is tied to a named individual. Many jurisdictions restrict or prohibit biometric recognition in publicly accessible spaces."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui identifient ou vérifient une personne précise à partir de signaux biologiques — visage, empreinte digitale, voix, iris ou démarche. Distinct de la vision par ordinateur générique car la sortie est liée à un individu nommé. De nombreuses juridictions restreignent ou interdisent la reconnaissance biométrique dans les espaces accessibles au public."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "personal",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "classification_prediction",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Classification & Prediction"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Classification et prédiction"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that assign a label to an input or estimate a numeric outcome — including classifiers (spam vs. not spam, risk tier), regressors (predicted demand, expected wait), and time-series forecasters (next-hour ridership, energy load). Built from labeled historical data using statistical or machine-learning models."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui attribuent une étiquette à une entrée ou estiment un résultat numérique : classifieurs (spam ou non, niveau de risque), modèles de régression (demande prévue, temps d'attente attendu) et prévisions de séries temporelles (fréquentation à la prochaine heure, charge énergétique). Construits à partir de données historiques étiquetées par des modèles statistiques ou d'apprentissage automatique."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "processing_time-series-forecasting",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "clustering_segmentation",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Clustering & Segmentation"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Regroupement et segmentation"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that group people, places, or events into clusters based on similarity, without using pre-defined labels. Used to segment audiences, mobility patterns, energy-use profiles, or service-demand zones. Outputs are cluster assignments that downstream systems may treat as categories — even though clusters are inferred, not authored."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui regroupent des personnes, lieux ou événements en groupes par similarité, sans utiliser d'étiquettes prédéfinies. Utilisés pour segmenter des audiences, des modèles de mobilité, des profils d'usage énergétique ou des zones de demande de services. Les sorties sont des affectations de groupe que les systèmes en aval peuvent traiter comme des catégories, bien que les groupes soient inférés et non définis."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "social",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "computer_vision",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Computer Vision"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Vision par ordinateur"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that interpret images or video — counting people, detecting objects, reading text in pictures, tracking motion, or segmenting scenes. Common in occupancy sensing, traffic and crowd monitoring, accessibility assistance, and signage inspection. Distinct from biometric recognition, which identifies specific individuals."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui interprètent des images ou des vidéos : comptage de personnes, détection d'objets, lecture de texte dans des images, suivi de mouvements ou segmentation de scènes. Courant dans la détection d'occupation, la surveillance du trafic et des foules, l'assistance à l'accessibilité et l'inspection de la signalisation. Distinct de la reconnaissance biométrique, qui identifie des personnes spécifiques."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "pixel_based_image",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "language_models",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Language Models"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Modèles de langage"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that read, write, summarize, translate, or hold a conversation in human language. Includes large language models (LLMs), chatbots, and generative-text systems. They work by predicting the most likely next tokens given the input and any prior context."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui lisent, écrivent, résument, traduisent ou tiennent une conversation en langage humain. Cela inclut les grands modèles de langage (LLM), les chatbots et les systèmes de génération de texte. Ils fonctionnent en prédisant les jetons les plus probables à partir de l'entrée et du contexte antérieur."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "processing_llm",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "optimization",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Optimization"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Optimisation"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that search for the best assignment, route, schedule, or allocation under constraints. Includes vehicle routing, transit signal timing, energy and HVAC scheduling, staff rostering, and resource allocation. Works by exploring possibilities to maximize or minimize a stated objective such as cost, time, or emissions."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui recherchent la meilleure affectation, le meilleur itinéraire, le meilleur horaire ou la meilleure répartition sous contraintes. Inclut le routage des véhicules, la synchronisation des feux, la planification énergétique et CVC, la planification du personnel et l'allocation de ressources. Fonctionne en explorant des possibilités pour maximiser ou minimiser un objectif comme le coût, le temps ou les émissions."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "processing_optimization-algorithm",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "privacy_transformation",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Privacy-Preserving Transformation"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Transformation préservant la vie privée"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems whose primary job is to transform input data so identifying details are removed, blurred, or replaced before any downstream use. Includes face blurring, license-plate masking, tokenization, k-anonymization, differential privacy, and synthetic-data generation. Acts as a barrier between raw collected data and the data used for analysis or decisions."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA dont la fonction principale est de transformer les données d'entrée afin de supprimer, flouter ou remplacer les détails identifiants avant toute utilisation en aval. Inclut le floutage de visages, le masquage de plaques d'immatriculation, la tokenisation, la k-anonymisation, la confidentialité différentielle et la génération de données synthétiques. Sert de barrière entre les données brutes collectées et celles utilisées pour l'analyse ou les décisions."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "processing_privacy-preserving-transformation",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "recommendation_ranking",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Recommendation & Ranking"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Recommandation et classement"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that suggest or order items for a person — services, listings, news, wayfinding options — based on preferences, behavior, or similarity to other people. Includes collaborative filtering, content-based recommenders, and learned ranking. Personalizes what each person sees from the same underlying catalog."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui suggèrent ou classent des éléments pour une personne — services, annonces, actualités, options d'orientation — selon ses préférences, son comportement ou sa similarité avec d'autres. Inclut le filtrage collaboratif, les recommandateurs basés sur le contenu et le classement appris. Personnalise ce que chaque personne voit dans un même catalogue."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "processing_recommendation-systems",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "search_retrieval",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Search & Retrieval"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Recherche et récupération"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that find and surface relevant content from a body of documents, records, or media in response to a query. Includes semantic search, vector retrieval, and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines that feed relevant passages into a language model. Used in document QA, public-records lookup, and library or archive search."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui trouvent et présentent du contenu pertinent dans un ensemble de documents, dossiers ou médias en réponse à une requête. Inclut la recherche sémantique, la récupération vectorielle et les pipelines de génération augmentée par récupération (RAG) qui injectent des passages pertinents dans un modèle de langage. Utilisé dans la QA documentaire, la consultation de registres publics et la recherche en bibliothèque ou en archives."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "search_retrieval",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
      "dark"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "speech_audio",
    "category_id": "processing",
    "title": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "Speech & Audio"
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Parole et audio"
      }
    ],
    "description": [
      {
        "locale": "en",
        "value": "AI systems that convert between spoken words and other formats, or that classify non-speech sound. Includes speech-to-text (transcription), text-to-speech (synthetic voice), keyword spotting, and audio event detection. Voice-as-identity (recognizing who is speaking) belongs in Biometric Recognition."
      },
      {
        "locale": "fr",
        "value": "Systèmes d'IA qui convertissent entre la parole et d'autres formats, ou qui classent les sons non vocaux. Inclut la transcription parole-vers-texte, la synthèse vocale, la détection de mots-clés et la détection d'événements sonores. La voix comme identité (reconnaître qui parle) relève de la reconnaissance biométrique."
      }
    ],
    "authoring_guidance": [],
    "examples": [],
    "sources": [],
    "symbol_id": "processing_text-to-speech",
    "variables": [
      {
        "id": "additional_description",
        "label": [
          {
            "locale": "en",
            "value": "Description"
          },
          {
            "locale": "fr",
            "value": "Description"
          }
        ],
        "required": false,
        "kind": "localized_text"
      }
    ],
    "shape": "circle",
    "icon_variants": [
      "default",
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    ]
  }
]